The American Yawp
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Chapter 9 · Reading ledger

Notes on
Getting Forward

48 citations, collected away from the main text for uninterrupted reading.

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Section 09.01

I. Introduction

  1. John Adams to Thomas Jefferson, February 3, 1821, Founders Online, National Archives, https://​founders​.archives​.gov/​documents/​Jefferson/​03​-17​-02​-0200.[]

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Section 09.02

II. The Market Revolution

  1. Niles’ Weekly Register (December 2, 1815), 238.[]

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  2. Charles Sellers, The Market Revolution: Jacksonian America, 1815–1846 (Oxford University Press, 1991).[]

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  3. James Madison, Annual Message to Congress, December 5, 1815.[]

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  4. William L. Garrison and David M. Levinson, The Transportation Experience: Policy, Planning, and Deployment (Oxford University Press, 2014), 51.[]

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  5. Margaret Van Horn Dwight, A Journey to Ohio in 1810 , ed. Max Farrand (Yale University Press, 1912), 13 and 37.[]

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  6. Frances Trollope, Domestic Manners of the Americans , Vol. 1 (London, 1832), 274.[]

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  7. Sarah “Sally” Rice to her father, February 23, 1845, in The New England Mill Village, 1790–1860 , ed. Gary Kulik, Roger Parks, and Theodore Penn (MIT Press, 1982), 390.[]

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  8. Factory Tracts: Factory Life as It Is , no. 1 (Female Labor Reform Association 1845), 4.[]

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  9. Malenda M. Edwards to Sabrina Bennett, April 4, 1839, quoted in Thomas Dublin, ed., Farm to Factory Women’s Letters, 1830–1860 (Columbia University Press, 1993), 74.[]

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  10. Steven Mintz, Huck’s Raft: A History of American Childhood (Belknap, 2004).[]

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  11. Joseph Tuckerman, Mr. Tuckerman’s Eighth Semiannual Report in His Service as a Minister at Large in Boston (Boston, 1831), 21c.[]

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  12. Warren Colburn, “Advertisement for Colburn’s school for young gentlemen preparing for mercantile and other pursuits, 19 Sep 1820,” Massachusetts Historical Society.[]

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  13. Proceedings of the School Committee, of the Town of Boston, respecting an English Classical School (Boston, 1820).[]

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  14. William Davis to Elizabeth Davis, March 21, 1816; June 23, 1816; November 17, 1816; Davis Family Papers, Massachusetts Historical Society.[]

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  15. Alexis de Tocqueville, Democracy in America , vol. 2, ed. Phillips Bradley (Knopf, 1945), 196.[]

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  16. A Catalogue of the Officers, Teachers, and Pupils in Bristol Academy (Taunton, MA, 1837).[]

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  17. Nancy Denison recommendation, May 1825, Titus Orcott Brown Papers, Maine Historical Society.[]

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  18. Indentures and other documents binding minor wards of the Society for the Reformation of Juvenile Delinquents of the City of New York as apprentices to Sylvester Lusk of Enfield, 1828–1838, Sylvester Lusk Papers, Connecticut Historical Society.[]

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  19. Advertisement in Providence Gazette , October 1794.[]

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Section 09.03

III. The Politics of Jacksonian America

  1. Quoted in James Parton, Life of Andrew Jackson , vol. 1 (New York, 1860), 297.[]

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  2. Max Farrand, ed., The Records of the Federal Convention of 1787 , vol. 1 (Yale University Press, 1911), 288.[]

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  3. Farrand, Records of the Federal Convention of 1787 , 1:48.[]

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  4. Alexander Hamilton to James A. Bayard, April 1802, Founders Online, National Archives, http://​founders​.archives​.gov/​documents/​Hamilton/​01​-25​-02​-0321. From The Papers of Alexander Hamilton , vol. 25, July 1800–April 1802, ed. Harold C. Syrett (Columbia University Press, 1977), 605–10.[]

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  5. Robert V. Remini, The Battle of New Orleans: Andrew Jackson and America’s First Military Victory (Penguin, 1999), 167–68.[]

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  6. Kenneth Wiggins Porter, “Negroes and the Seminole War, 1817–1818,” Journal of Negro History 36, no. 3 (July 1951): 264, https://​doi​.org/​10​.2307/​2715671.[]

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  7. See Lynn Hudson Parsons, The Birth of Modern Politics: Andrew Jackson, John Quincy Adams, and the Election of 1828 (Oxford University Press, 2009).[]

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  8. Daniel Webster, “Lecture Before the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge,” in The Writings and Speeches of Daniel Webster: Writings and Speeches Hitherto Uncollected , vol. 1. Addresses on Various Occasions, ed. Edward Everett (Little, Brown, 1903); Carl Siracusa, A Mechanical People: Perceptions of the Industrial Order in Massachusetts, 1815–1880 (Wesleyan University Press, 1979), 157.[]

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  9. “Notice to House Carpenters in the Country,” Columbian Centinel , April 23, 1825.[]

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  10. John R. Commons, ed., A Documentary History of American Industrial Society , vol. 6 (Russell and Russell, 1958), 79.[]

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  11. Warren E. Weber, “Early State Banks in the United States: How Many Were There and When Did They Exist?” Journal of Economic History 66, no. 2 (2006): 433–55, https://​doi​.org/​10​.1017/​S0022050706000180.[]

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  12. John Robert Godley, Letters from America (London, 1844), 267.[]

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  13. Jefferson to George Logan, November 12, 1816, in Works of Thomas Jefferson , ed. Paul Leicester Ford, Federal Edition, vol. 12 (G. P. Putnam’s Sons, 1904), 12–43.[]

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  14. Quoted in Michael Zakim and Gary John Kornblith, eds., Capitalism Takes Command: The Social Transformation of Nineteenth-Century America (University of Chicago Press, 2012), 158.[]

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Section 09.04

IV. The Second Great Awakening

  1. Brett Malcolm Grainger, Church in the Wild: Evangelicals in Antebellum America (Harvard University Press, 2019).[]

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  2. Lori D. Ginzberg, Women and the Work of Benevolence: Morality, Politics, and Class in the Nineteenth Century (Yale University Press, 1990).[]

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  3. Milton A. Maxwell, “Washingtonian Movement,” Quarterly Journal of Studies on Alcohol 11 (1950): 410.[]

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  4. Jack S. Blocker, American Temperance Movements: Cycles of Reform (Hall, 1989).[]

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Section 09.05

V. The South, the West, and the Limits of Democracy

  1. For more cotton statistics, see Joshua D. Rothman, Flush Times and Fever Dreams: A Story of Capitalism and Slavery in the Age of Jackson (University of Georgia Press, 2012), 3–5, 96–103; Walter Johnson, River of Dark Dreams: Slavery and Empire in the Cotton Kingdom (Belknap, 2013), 254–60; Sven Beckert, Empire of Cotton: A Global History (Knopf, 2014), 102–4; Avery Plaw, “Slavery,” in Cynthia Clark, ed., The American Economy: A Historical Encyclopedia (ABC-Clio, 2011), 108–9, 787–98; William J. Phalen, The Consequences of Cotton in Antebellum America (McFarland, 2014), 110–14; and Gene Dattel, Cotton and Race in the Making of America: The Human Costs of Economic Power (Rowman and Littlefield, 2009), 370–71.[]

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  2. The enslaved population of the South in 1860 was 3,950,511; the free, 8,289,782. For statistics on slavery, see Jenny Bourne, “Slavery in the United States,” Economic History Association, March 26, 2008, https://​eh​.net/​encyclopedia/​slavery​-in​-the​-united​-states/.[]

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  3. See Brenda E. Stevenson, Life in Black and White: Family and Community in the Slave South (Oxford University Press, 1996), chap. 8, especially 231–38; and Emily West, Chains of Love: Slave Couples in Antebellum South Carolina (University of Illinois Press, 2004), particularly 21–33.[]

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  4. See Stephen Crawford, “The Slave Family: A View from the Slave Narratives,” in Strategic Factors in Nineteenth Century American Economic History: A Volume to Honor Robert W. Fogel , ed. Claudia Goldin and Hugh Rockoff (University of Chicago Press, 1992), 331–50.[]

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  5. For a fascinating visual treatment of “downriver” sales of enslaved people, see Maurie D. McInnis, Slaves Waiting for Sale: Abolitionist Art and the American Slave Trade (University of Chicago Press, 2011), chap. 3. More generally, see Johnson, River of Dark Dreams , 144–47; and Peter Kolchin, American Slavery: 1619–1877 (Hill and Wang, 1993), 95–98.[]

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  6. Murray Newton Rothbard, Panic of 1819: Reactions and Policies (Columbia University Press, 1962).[]

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  7. Gretchen Murphy, Hemispheric Imaginings: The Monroe Doctrine and Narratives of U.S. Empire (Duke University Press, 2009).[]

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  8. A Century of Population Growth: From the First Census of the United States to the Twelfth, 1790–1900 (US Government Printing Office, 1909), 133, table 60, http://​www2​.census​.gov/​prod2/​decennial/​documents/​00165897ch14​.pdf.[]

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  9. Conference committee report on the Missouri Compromise, March 1, 1820, Records of Joint Committees of Congress, 1789–1989, National Archives, http://​www​.ourdocuments​.gov/​doc​.php​?doc​=​22.[]

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  10. Thomas Jefferson to John Holmes, April 22, 1820, Founders Online, National Archives, https://​www​.loc​.gov/​exhibits/​jefferson/​159​.html.[]

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